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Fiji Islands - FLR Volume 40 - Digest & Index

THE FIJI LAW REPORTS

of the cases decided in
THE SUPREME COURT OF FIJI
in
THE FIJI COURT OF APPEAL
and in
THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI

1994
VOLUME 40

This Volume may be cited as “40 FLR”

EDITOR:
MICHAEL DISHINGTON SCOTT B.A. (Lond.)
Of Gray’s Inn, Judge of the High Court of Fiji

PRICE:  $27.50
(V.A.T. incl.)

DIGEST AND INDEX	PAGE
ADMIRALTY     Admiralty action in rem-jurisdiction of the High Court – security for release of arrested vessel-adequacy of bankers undertaking.     The “Voseleai”	224
BILL OF SALE     Bill of Sale “asset purchase agreement” – whether a hire purchase agreement – whether borrower had power to grant a bill of sale – Bills of Sales Act (Cap. 225) – whether Traffic Act Section 2 (Cap 176) relevant.     ANZ Banking Group Ltd v. Merchant Bank of Fiji	266
CONSTITUTION      Constitution – elections amount of deposit and extent of required support – evidence of registration on VKB – certificate from Council of Rotuma – whether discriminatory – whether unconstitutional – Constitution (1990) Sections 16, 41 & 42 – Electoral Decree 1991 Section 3 – Electoral (conduct of Elections) Regulations 1992 Regns 15 (11), 15(12), 1994 Regulations Regn 15A     Iliesa Duvuloco & Ors v. Attorney-General of Fiji & Anr	1
CONSTITUTION     Constitution – customary law – whether decisions of the Native Lands Commission are subject to Judicial Review – Constitution 1990, Section 100 (4).     Ratu Macanieli Nava v. NLC & NLTB	252
CRIME     Crime – bail pending trial in the High Court – whether the Fiji Court of Appeal has jurisdiction to grant – Court of Appeal Act (Cap 12) Sections 12 (1), 21, 33 and 35.     Kaylesh Chandra v. The State	124
CRIME:  EVIDENCE     Crime – evidence – corroboration – what constitutes     Maciu Gonevou v. The State	20
CRIME:  OFFENCES     Crime – traffic offences – special reasons for not disqualifying motor vehicle dealers – general licence conditions – Traffic Regulations (Cap 176) rr 13, 15.     Prem Singh v. The State	219
CRIME:  PROCEDURE     Crime – Procedure – prosecution application for adjournment in the Magistrates Court – procedure to be followed. Criminal Procedure Code (Cap 21) section 210.     DPP v. Vikash Sharma & Anr	234
CRIME:  PROCEDURE     Crime – Procedure – medical report – whether admissible in absence of its maker – Criminal Procedure Code (Cap 21) Section 191.     Maciu Gonevou v. The State	20
CRIME PROCEDURE     Crime – Procedure – need for adequate particulars of the prosecution case to ensure a fair trial.     Orisi Cabenatabua v. CIR	299
CRIME PROCEDURE     Crime – Procedure – equivocal plea – what constitutes – Criminal Procedure Code (Cap 21) Section 309 (1).     Prem Singh v. The State	219
CUSTOMARY LAW     Customary Law – theft followed by reconciliation – Criminal Procedure Code (Cap 21) Section 323 – Constitution 1990 Section 100 (3).     The State v. Eliki Seru Vatu & Ors	190
ELECTIONS     Elections – whether the conduct of an election may be challenged by writ – Electoral Decree 25/1991 – Electoral (Election Petition) Regulations 1992.     Josefa Rusaqoli v. The Attorney-General	81
EMPLOYMENT     Employment – Arbitration Tribunal – burden of proof before – function of whether subject to judicial review – Trade Disputes Act (Cap.92) Section 6(1)     Fiji Bank Employees Union & Ors v. Arbitration Tribunal & NBF	77
ESTATE     Estate – trusts application for accounts whether applicants beneficiaries duty of trustees – Trustee Act (Cap.65) Section 90 (1) High Court Rules 1988 Order 85.     Arvind Patel & Ors v. Nodhana Limited & Ors	118
ESTATE     Estate caveats whether a person may lodge more than one whether mere lodgement renders the proceedings contentious – Succession Probate and Administration Act (Cap 60) Section 46 (1).     Janardhan Gounder v. Janna Bai Vyas	131
ESTATE     Estate  - caveat - effect of failure to respond to warning – meaning of “contrary interest” – interest of illegitimate child how established – Succession Probate and Administration Act (Cap 60) sections 5, 6, 47 (1) – Non Contentious Probate Rules 1954 (England & Wales).     Narayan Reddy v. Menchama Webb & Anr	52
EVIDENCE     Evidence (Civil) – when new evidence admissible on appeal     ANZ Banking Group Ltd v. Merchant Bank of Fiji	266
FAMILY     Family - adoption – wardship – jurisdiction of the High Court – care order meaning scope and effect of powers of Director of Social Welfare – High Court Act (Cap.13) Sections 18, 20 – Juveniles Act (Cap 56) sections 38, 41, 47, 51, 55.     Re N (an Infant)	35
INCOME TAX     Value Added Tax – disputed assessment appeal period expiring before VAT Tribunal Rules promulgated and tribunal appointed – appropriateness of summary Judgment – VAT Decree 48/1991 Sections 46 & 50 – High Court Rules 1988 Order 14.     CIR v. Bay Fisheries Limited	161
INCOME TAX     Income Tax – failure to supply information – whether continuous or continuing offence – conditional discharge an appropriate sentence.  Income Tax Act Sections 50 (1) & 96(1) – Penal Code (Cap 17) Section 44.     CIR v. Ranchodhbhai D. Patel	173
INCOME TAX     Income Tax – double taxation – taxation discrimination – meaning of “permanent establishment” – Income Tax Act (Cap. 201) Section 106.     CIR v. The Commonwealth Development Corporation	85
JUDICIAL REVIEW     Judicial Review – whether available in respect of a judgment of the Magistrates Court after leave to appeal the judgment had been refused – whether available in respect of an award made under the Workman’s Compensation Act (Cap.94).     Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji v. Labour Officer	112
JUDICIAL REVIEW     Judicial Review – whether interlocutory injunctive relief available against the State – whether a stay is available – State (Crown) Proceedings Act (Cap 24) Section 15(1), 15(2); High Court Rules 1988, Order 53 r 3 (8) (a).     State v. PSC ex parte Epeli Lagiloa	237
LAND     Land – breach of sale and purchase agreement – liability for damages – whether such liability an adequate foundation for presenting a winding up petition.     Estate Management Services Ltd v. Minami T.K.K. Kaisha & Anr	201
LAND     Land – summary action for possession – whether expenditure on the property by the occupier not on the facts giving rise to a proprietary estoppel may amount to a defence to S169 proceedings – Land Transfer Act (Cap. 131).     Hakim Mohammed v. Mohammed Nasir	145
LAND     Land – summary proceedings for possession – promissory estoppel – wife’s right to remain in the former matrimonial home – Land transfer Act (Cap 131) Section 169.     Lila Wati & Ors v. Alitia Vakaraubula	107
LAND     Land – state land – option to purchase – essential requirements for – nature of equitable proprietary estoppel – State Lands Act (Cap 132) Section 13.     Mani Lal & Ors v. Satya Nand	94
LAND     Land – agricultural land – judicial review of decision of Agricultural Tribunal – jurisdiction of High Court – Agricultural Landlord and Tenant Act (Cap 270) Section 61 (1).     The State v. The Central Agricultural Tribunal ex parte Ahmad	102
LANDLORD & TENANT     Landlord and Tenant – summary proceedings for possession – relevance of condition of premises- notice to quit – whether valid if expressed to expire “within” rent period – Land Transfer Act (Cap.130) section 89(2) (b).     Huang Chiu Fang v. Andrew Gucake	168
NEGLIGENCE     Negligence causing death – young child – assessment of damages – Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (Cap.27) – Compensation to Relatives Act (Cap.29).     Rupeni Navunisaravi v. Prakeep Kumar & Anr	58A
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – stay of order for possession pending appeal – principles applicable.     Chan Lum v. Raymond Stoddart	247
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – submissions in chambers to be made orally unless otherwise directed.     Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji v. Labour Officer	112
PRACTICE:   CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – disputed issues of fact – whether commencing proceedings by way of Originating Summons appropriate – High Court Rules 1988 Order 5 Rule 4; Order 28 Rule 9.     Dharam Singh & Ors v. Hardayal Singh & Ors	156
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – application for security for costs – compromise of actions – High Court Rules 1988 Order 23 rule 1.     Frank Sebesy Skerlec v. Charles Dwight Tompkins & Ors	303
PRACTICE:  CIVIL      Practice (Civil) – appeal against refusal by the Magistrates Court to grant leave to appeal out of time.     Kesho Reddy v. Swaran Lata	209
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – dismissal for want of prosecution – relevant principles to be applied – relationship between prejudice and fair trial explained.     Merit Timber Products Ltd v. NLTB	279
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – injunctive relief – fortification of undertaking as to damages – debenture charge creating equitable interest – whether payment into Court appropriate.     Pacific Timber Development Ltd & Ors v. N.Z. Forest Products Ltd & Ors	193
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – striking out of action as an abuse of the process of the Court – Rules of the High Court (1988) 18 r 18.     Raijieli Naqarase v. The Public Trustee of Fiji	215
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – oral examination of deponents – mareva injunction – relevance of assets said to belong to third party.     Resolution Trust Corporation v. Leinani K. Bortles & Anr	138
PRACTICE:  CIVIL     Practice (Civil) – application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court – need to specify the question involved – principles governing applications Supreme Court Decree 47/1991 Section 8 (1) (c) – Supreme Court Rules 1992 rr 5(1), 5 (2).     Turtle Airways Ltd v. Kerry F. Thomas	27
SENTENCE     Sentence fine default period – compensation – offender’s ability to pay-need for enquiry as to means – Penal Code (Cap.17) Sections 35 & 37 – Criminal Procedure Code (Cap.21) Sections 7, 160, 161.     Haroon Khan v. The State	182
SENTENCE     Sentence – bulk store breaking – first offenders     Shiu Prasad & Ors v. The State	151

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